The European Commission has directed Google to grant competing AI assistants the same level of access to Android’s core functionalities as its own Gemini assistant. This directive, issued on Thursday, compels Google to allow third-party assistants to utilize the camera, microphone, on-screen content, and background app control features. Compliance is required in the upcoming Android 18 release, with a deadline set for August 1, 2027.
Key Specifications Under the Digital Markets Act
This order is part of two binding specifications adopted on July 16 under the Digital Markets Act. The second directive obligates Google to provide anonymized search data to rival search engines and AI chatbots at a cost-based fee. These measures are not fines but are designed to ensure fair competition.
The decision affects 11 Android features, with Google allowed to require certification for accessing five of them. These are centralised data access, context-aware intelligence, structured integration, screen automation, and system integration. Certified assistants will have extensive capabilities, such as managing Gmail and Calendar, controlling YouTube, and accessing Maps.
Certification and Access Requirements
For unrestricted features, third-party apps can access ambient data like microphone input and location without certification. These apps will still need user consent, but Google cannot restrict their access based on app type or use case. Google can, however, file requests to restrict access if justified.
Google must establish a Qualified AI Assistant Programme, allowing third-party certification of AI assistants. Certification authorities will be chosen based on fair terms, approved by the Commission. Google retains the right to revoke certification authorities but not the assistants’ certifications themselves.
Impact on Developers and Data Sharing
By August 2027, certified or user-approved assistants will have the ability to interact with apps in new ways, such as opening apps on virtual displays. Developers can choose to block automation in parts of their apps, but this is not mandatory.
Regarding search data, the anonymization process involves stripping identifiers and generalizing metadata to protect user privacy. Only entities meeting certain criteria, such as having 50,000 monthly EU users, will receive this data. Google’s deadline for finalizing these datasets is November 2027.
Google’s Response and Future Directions
Kent Walker, Google’s global affairs president, criticized the Android decision, citing security concerns. He argued that granting external apps extensive permissions could pose risks. On the search data front, Walker expressed concerns about privacy and potential impacts on national security.
As the deadlines approach, Google will need to carefully navigate these requirements, ensuring compliance while maintaining security and privacy standards. The implementation of these measures will significantly influence the landscape of AI competition on Android platforms.
